Alveolar Concretions (Microlithiasis): A Review Article on Lung Involvement

Abstract

Alveolar concretions or also known as pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PAM), a disease with variable inheritance. This disease is very rare and this article represents work on PAM till end of the December 2023 by means of a full reviewing the total articles and case reports from available literature. A total of more than 1100 cases of PAM have been reported worldwide. Turkey, Chinese, Japanese, Indian, Italian populations accounting approximately 52.4% of total cases worldwide. Clinical features of PAM family history, clinical course, genetic association, prognosis and recent advancement in diagnosis and treatment have all been analyzed from all case reports and available review articles.